Unlocking the Unconscious: The Transformative Power of Sand Tray Therapy for Children and Adults

In a world where traditional talk therapy can sometimes feel limiting, sand tray therapy emerges as a dynamic and creative alternative. Picture this: a miniature landscape filled with vibrant figures, natural elements, and symbolic objects, all waiting to be manipulated and arranged. This unique form of therapy invites adults to explore their inner worlds in a tactile, imaginative way, fostering insights and healing that words alone often cannot capture.

When one thinks of sand tray therapy, the association often leans toward it's use with children. While this therapeutic modality indeed offers significant benefits for younger clients, it is equally powerful and effective for adults. Allow me to elaborate.
Sand tray therapy is a dynamic therapeutic approach that involves a designated sand tray filled with fine sand, alongside a collection of objects and figures—ranging from everyday objects, people, animals and almost anything you can think of. Clients engage in this process by selecting and arranging these objects within the sand, thereby creating a three-dimensional representation of their internal world.
This multisensory form of therapy allows for the exploration of the subconscious, facilitating the safe examination of deep-seated emotions that may be repressed or difficult to talk about because of the immense pain it brings up. It provides clients with a valuable distance from their pain, enabling them to navigate complex emotions, trauma, and anxiety that may feel overwhelming or too sensitive to discuss verbally.


While children typically engage in this modality through playful interaction, adults often create a still representation of their inner world. As clients sift through the array of figures, certain objects may resonate more profoundly than others. This resonance often stems from subconscious associations activated by the object's color, shape, or symbolism. For instance, the presence of a lion may evoke themes of strength and nobility, or it could represent fear. A bridge might symbolize connection or transition, while a tornado could encapsulate feelings of inner turmoil, chaos, or anxiety.

Sand tray therapy is particularly effective for adults for several reasons. It provides a non-verbal outlet for expression, which can be beneficial for individuals who find it challenging to articulate their feelings or experiences through traditional talk therapy. This modality allows for the externalization of internal conflicts, enabling clients to visualize and confront issues that might be too painful to verbalize.
Additionally, the tactile nature of working with sand and objects can evoke emotional responses that facilitate deeper insight. Engaging in this hands-on process can stimulate creativity and allow clients to tap into their intuitive knowledge, leading to revelations about their emotional and psychological states.
Moreover, sand tray therapy fosters a sense of safety and control. Adults can navigate their experiences at their own pace, choosing what to explore and when. This autonomy can be empowering, helping clients feel more engaged in their therapeutic journey.
The therapist's role is not to impose interpretations on the client's creations but to serve as a container for their exploration. By holding a safe space, the therapist witnesses the client’s inner world and collaborates with them in processing their tray, as desired. The therapeutic relationship allows clients to articulate the meanings and insights that arise from their experience, gaining a deeper self-awareness and healing.
Sand tray therapy is a versatile tool that empowers clients to confront and integrate their emotional experiences in a safe, no-pressure environment, paving the way for transformative personal growth.


Clients often have many questions about sand tray therapy. Below are some frequently asked questions to help you understand the many aspects of this modality.


Q: Do I need to have artistic skills to participate?

A: No, artistic skills are not required. The focus is on the process of exploration rather than artistic expression. Clients are encouraged to engage with the materials in a way that feels comfortable to them.

Q: What can I expect in a sand tray therapy session?

A: During a session, you will be guided by a therapist who will provide a safe space for you to explore your thoughts and feelings through the sand tray. You will select objects and arrange them in the sand, and you will be given an opportunity to share and process your world with the therapist.

Q: Is sand tray therapy suitable for trauma survivors?

A: Yes, sand tray therapy is particularly effective for trauma survivors. It allows for the safe exploration of difficult emotions and experiences in a non-threatening way, promoting healing and integration.

Q: How many sessions will I need?

A: The number of sessions varies based on individual needs and goals. Some clients may benefit from just a few sessions, while others may engage in longer-term therapy.

Q: Will my therapist interpret my sand tray?

A: The therapist's role is to facilitate exploration rather than impose interpretations. They will help you process your experience and support you in uncovering the meanings you associate with your creations.

Q: What are the benefits of sand tray therapy?

A: Benefits include enhanced self-awareness, emotional expression, trauma processing, and the development of coping strategies. It can also foster a sense of empowerment in the therapeutic process. Sand tray therapy is also used to help clients regulate through their difficult healing journey.

About the author

Sari Balsam, LCSW

Therapist, Licensed Clinical Social Worker

“Only when we’re brave enough to explore the darkness will we discover the infinite power of our light.” Brene Brown

  • 💙 Warm
  • 👂 Listener
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